Polyherbal mixture plays a significant role in livestock production, which includes both productive and reproductive performance. Polyherbal mixture consists of different herbs are known for their bioactive compounds with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory properties.
Biotechnological innovations have transformed ornamental crop breeding by enabling precise genetic improvement of traits. Techniques such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and gene editing have enhanced flower color, fragrance, vase life, and stress tolerance. Notable examples include blue carnations, blue roses, and orange petunias created through pigment pathway modification.
Heavy metal contamination in industrial areas poses a major environmental threat, disrupting soil health and agricultural productivity. Soil conditioners, both organic and inorganic, are increasingly used for in-situ immobilization of heavy metals through adsorption, complexation, precipitation, and redox reactions.
The milking environment is considered as one of the important factors for clean milk production. Mechanisation of milking units has decreased the human intervention tremendously, yielding low labour requirement and reduced contamination due to human attributes. Many modernized techniques have been developed to facilitate proper and consistent milking practices.

Dr Shiva Dhar is a renowned researcher, working as Principal Scientist at ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute. Dr Shiva Dhar is a renowned researcher, working as Principal Scientist (Agronomy) at the Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi.
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Principal Scientist & Adjunct Professor Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, INDIA
dhruba.malakar@icar.gov.in
Head, Plant Protection Research Department Agriculture and Natural Research and Education centre of Gulestan Province, Iran
myounesabadi8@gmail.com
Scientist, Agronomy (FR & MC) Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001
Sanjeev.Kumar17@icar.gov.in
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