Abstract

The High-Density Planting System (HDPS) represents a significant advancement in cotton cultivation in India, aimed at improving productivity and sustainability. This system involves cultivating early-maturing, compact cotton hybrids at closer spacing, thereby increasing plant population per unit area. HDPS has demonstrated yield advantages of 30–40% in several cotton-growing states while reducing labour dependency and enabling mechanization. The approach integrates improved agronomic practices, including nutrient management, canopy regulation, and pest control. By enhancing resource-use efficiency and supporting rainfed agriculture, HDPS offers a viable pathway to strengthen farmer livelihoods and boost India’s competitiveness in the global cotton sector.