Abstract

Innovative genomic and phenomic technologies are reshaping plant disease management by enabling rapid pathogen detection, precise resistance breeding, and early diagnosis of infections. Whole-genome sequencing reveals pathogen diversity, evolution, and virulence mechanisms, while genome editing and genetic engineering allow targeted improvement of host resistance. Integrated multi-omics approaches deepen understanding of host–pathogen interactions by linking genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic changes. In parallel, hyperspectral imaging provides non-destructive, early disease detection at field scale. Collectively, these advances support sustainable, resilient disease management under evolving environmental and pathogen challenges.