Climate change poses a significant challenge to agricultural sustainability, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, where water scarcity is intensifying. Smart irrigation has emerged as a vital solution to enhance water-use efficiency and support climate adaptation in agriculture. By integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, and automated controllers, smart irrigation systems optimize water delivery in real time, minimizing losses due to evaporation and runoff. This article explores various smart irrigation approaches, including plant-, soil moisture-, and weather-based strategies, highlighting their potential to promote resource efficiency, increase crop productivity, and support sustainable agricultural practices.
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