Biosensors are advanced analytical tools that combine biological recognition elements with physical transducers to detect specific substances. In the food industry, they play a critical role in ensuring safety, quality control, and contamination monitoring. These devices offer rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of pathogens, allergens, toxins, and adulterants across various food matrices. Despite challenges such as stability, calibration, and complex samples, ongoing advancements in nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and microfabrication are enhancing their performance and reliability. As biosensors become more portable and user-friendly, their integration into food supply chains is transforming modern food safety and quality assurance practices.