Abstract

Bio-priming is an environmentally friendly method of seed treatment that combines the application of helpful microbes and hydration to improve seed germination, plant growth, and stress tolerance in crops. The process improves the vigour of the seedling, inhibits soil-borne diseases, and enhances nutrient intake without the need for chemical input. Bio-priming achieves these using microbial agents like Trichoderma, Bacillus and Pseudomonas to advance sustainable agriculture, particularly among small-scale farmers. Although there are challenges such as strain specificity and low awareness, its environmental and cost benefits make it as a future promising approach.